✓ APA 7th Edition ✓ MLA 9th Edition ✓ Chicago 17th ✓ Harvard Style ✓ IEEE Format ✓ Vancouver Style ✓ 21+ Total Formats ✓ Free · No Signup ✓ URL/DOI Auto-Fill ✓ Export .docx .bib .ris ✓ APA 7th Edition ✓ MLA 9th Edition ✓ Chicago 17th ✓ Harvard Style ✓ IEEE Format ✓ Vancouver Style ✓ 21+ Total Formats ✓ Free · No Signup ✓ URL/DOI Auto-Fill ✓ Export .docx .bib .ris
Free MLA 9th Edition Generator

MLA 9th Edition Citation Generator

Generate perfect MLA 9 citations instantly. Supports 8 source types — journals, books, websites, reports and more. Free, with URL/DOI auto-fill.

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Style
MLA 9
Used In
Literature
In-text Format
(Smith 45) or Smith (45)
Published by
Modern Language Association (MLA)

What Is MLA 9th Edition?

MLA 9th Edition is the standard citation format for humanities disciplines including literature, languages, film, and cultural studies. Updated in 2021, it introduced a flexible "container" system where any source fits into the same basic template, making it adaptable to new media types. In-text citations use the author's last name and page number.

Primary disciplines: Literature, Languages, Humanities, Arts

MLA 9 Citation Examples

Journal Article
Smith, John. "The Rhetoric of Digital Media." Journal of Communication, vol. 45, no. 3, 2023, pp. 112–128.
Book
Gladwell, Malcolm. Outliers: The Story of Success. Little, Brown, 2008.
Website
"Climate Change Overview." NASA, 15 Mar. 2023, climate.nasa.gov/evidence/. Accessed 10 Jan. 2024.
Film
Parasite. Directed by Bong Joon-ho, CJ Entertainment, 2019.
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Key MLA 9 Rules

  • Works Cited list — not "References" or "Bibliography"
  • Three or more authors: use first author's name followed by "et al."
  • Medium of publication no longer required (removed from earlier editions)
  • URLs required for online sources with access date recommended
  • Italicize titles of longer works (books, films); quote titles of shorter works
  • Hanging indent for all Works Cited entries
  • In-text: (Author Page) — no comma between author and page

MLA 9 vs Other Formats

APA 9
MLA uses (Author Page) in-text; APA uses (Author, Year). MLA for humanities; APA for social sciences
Chicago NB
MLA uses parenthetical in-text citations; Chicago NB uses footnotes/endnotes

Supported Source Types

✓ Literary works and criticism✓ Academic journal articles✓ Books and anthologies✓ Films and television✓ Websites and online articles✓ Social media posts✓ Interviews✓ Artwork and images

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APA 7 →Chicago 17 →Harvard →IEEE →Vancouver →
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