Neoliberal Globalization and Agricultural Reform: Government Legislation and Farmer Protests in India
Overview
This paper examines how neoliberal globalization policies have impacted agricultural sectors, with a focus on India's recent legislative reforms. The essay analyzes the government's three agricultural legislations as neoliberal reforms that prioritize private sectors over farmer interests, and discusses the major farmer protests that resulted from these policies, exploring the underlying issues including exploitation, debt, and economic hardship.
What this essay covers
- Introduction to agriculture's role in national economies and the concept of neoliberal globalization
- Overview of Indian farmer protests in 2020 against three government legislations
- Analysis of farmer grievances including government oppression, feudal exploitation, natural disasters, and pandemic effects
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Neoliberal Globalization
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Neoliberal Globalization
Agriculture has remained one of the primary sources of income to the national government in most developed countries. Agriculture plays a critical role in developing and perpetuating the economy. For decades, agriculture has been considered the basis of all basic foodstuff. Apart from contributing to the national income, agriculture is a livelihood, food source, and folder. It also acts as the source of raw materials creating a market surplus. Similarly, agriculture has enhanced international trade and, in turn, had resulted in the foreign exchange of resources between nations. It is essential to note that agriculture has created employment opportunities for most individuals and economic development. There is no doubt that farming is the basis of all activities in a country. There are countries such as the United States where the government invests a large amount of money in agriculture; however, in some countries, the farmers have never been given the freedom and enough resources to produce quality and efficient products. Instead, such governments support private sectors as the sole producers in the economy, a situation known as neoliberal globalization. Governments are coming up with laws that have never been in favor of Famers but in support of private sectors. For instance, in India, there have protested by farmers in opposition to the black laws enacted by the government. The article aims to discuss how government legislation has changed agricultural sectors based on India's focus.