Electronic Health Records Systems: Workflow, Data Management, and Clinical Implementation in Healthcare Facilities

Overview

This paper examines the implementation and structure of electronic health record systems in healthcare facilities. It provides a comprehensive overview of EHR workflows, describing how clinical and administrative data are organized, recorded, and accessed across different hospital departments including patient demographics, nursing intake, medical assessment, laboratory results, and treatment planning.

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Health Information Systems

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Health Information Systems

Introduction

In today’s highly technological world, implementation of electronic health record systems in healthcare facilities is accelerating. These systems can support and enhance the way information is recorded, shared, stored, accessed, and analyzed. They create a basis for potentially remarkable improvements in research, quality care, patient safety, and public health monitoring. Workflow in a healthcare setting involves a series of steps by different staff members and is often dependent on related activities that accomplish a particular task. It is a representation of how work actually gets done and not how it should be done.

Electronic Health Records

Electronic Health Records typically handle both clinical and administrative functions. As such, the data in these systems is comprehensive and covers virtually all facets of appropriate information regarding a patient. Different departments in the healthcare facilities are responsible for recording and storing specific information in these systems. In nearly all EHRs, employees in a hospital can only access certain parts of the system.

Below is a workflow diagram containing clinical and non-clinical data in an in-patient electronic health record system.

Patient Demographics

The data includes the patient’s name, age, gender, emergency contacts, and next of kin. The section may also include area of residence, marital status and health insurance details. This information is recorded by the administrative department.

Nursing Intake Notes

The section comprises of a list of past and existing medical conditions, surgical history, previous hospitalization, family history, and the patient’s social history regarding personal characteristics and lifestyle.

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