Community Epidemiological Assessment: Person, Time, Place Model and Disease Surveillance Methods
Overview
This paper examines the Person, Time, and Place epidemiological model and its application to disease tracking and prevention, particularly for coronavirus. It discusses the Bradford Hill criteria for establishing causal relationships, methods for assessing disease burden through morbidity and mortality rates, and data sources for community epidemiological assessment.
What this coursework covers
- Person, Time, Place Model application to disease transmission and contact tracing
- Bradford Hill criteria for establishing causation including strength of association, dose-response relationship, and temporal relationship
- Use of morbidity and mortality rates for risk assessment and resource prioritization
- Primary data sources including census reports, vital statistics, and key informants
- Role of key informants in studying emerging infectious diseases
Preview
Community Epidemiological Assessment
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Community Epidemiological Assessment
Question 1
The Person, Time and Place Model is an epidemiological approach accounting for the pathological pattern of a certain disease based on infected population and the context where they contracted the ailment. Context includes the time and place when the person was infected. The information is essential for tracking other infected people because it is easier to evaluate the persons who interacted with the victim. The place also assists in warranting that even though the person did not have physical contact with any person, there is possibility of transmission through surfaces and clothes (Cassels, 2018). Therefore, the model is essential in preventing coronavirus cases because those who contact and infected person are identified before moving to other areas.
Question 2
- Strength of association: The incidents and number of deaths should be higher among those exposed to confirm that exposure leads to the investigated effects.
- Dose-response relationship: Surge in risk factor should increase the adverse effects of the investigated disease.
- Temporally correct relationship: The effects should occur only after exposure to the causing agent.
- Biological plausibility: The associated data require having a logical biological explanation.
- Consistency with other studies: The relationship should correlate with those of similar studies.
- Specificity: Exposure to the given causal factor should result in the specific effects without a contradiction that hint the cause might be another agent.