University of Maryland Global Campus

GVPT 170: American Government

A study guide to UMGC's GVPT 170, a comprehensive study of United States government, its branches, states, elections, parties and interest groups.

Updated October 2026 · 5 min read

GVPT 170 at the University of Maryland Global Campus (UMGC) is a comprehensive study of government in the United States.

The catalog says the aim is to explain the vertical and horizontal structure of American government and the roles of the three federal branches, bureaucracies and state governments; to describe the development of the American political system; and to explain the processes of the electoral system, political parties and interest groups.

Institutions, processes and policies are examined from a cross-cultural perspective. No prerequisite is listed.

Students often struggle with the sheer number of institutions and processes. The way through is to understand how the pieces connect, such as how a bill moves, who checks whom and where states and federal government overlap.

Course at a Glance

ItemDetails
UniversityUniversity of Maryland Global Campus (UMGC)
Course codeGVPT 170, 3 credits
PrerequisiteNone listed in the catalog
Subject areaAmerican government and politics
Typical workDiscussion posts, analytical papers, case studies on institutions and policy

What GVPT 170 Covers

AreaWhat it means in practice
Basic principles and political cultureConstitutional ideas and the values that shape American politics
Vertical structureFederalism: the division between national, state and local government
Horizontal structureLegislative, executive and judicial branches and their checks
BureaucraciesHow agencies carry out law and policy
Development of the political systemHow institutions and practices changed over time
Elections, parties, interest groupsHow people organize to influence government

Key Concepts Explained

Federalism

Federalism divides power between the national government and the states. Some powers are shared, some belong to one level. Many case studies turn on which level has authority.

Example: Education involves federal funding conditions, state standards and local school boards. Describing which level does what shows how the vertical structure works in a policy area.

Checks and Balances

Each branch has tools to restrain the others, such as veto, oversight, confirmation and judicial review. Identify the tool and who uses it when you analyze a case.

Interest Groups and Parties

Parties organize elections and governing. Interest groups press for specific policies. Distinguish their goals and methods rather than treating them as the same.

Typical Assignments and How to Approach Them

Check your syllabus for exact tasks. Government courses typically include the following.

Assignment typeWhat it testsHow to approach it
Institution analysisKnowledge of roles and powersDefine the role, then give a specific example
Policy case studyApplying structure to real issuesTrace which actors and levels are involved
Election or party paperUnderstanding political processesUse data from reliable sources and explain trends
Discussion postsClear, evidence-based argumentState a position, support with a source

Tracing a Policy Through the System

A useful exercise is to trace one policy from idea to implementation.

StepQuestion
AgendaWho raised the issue: voters, groups, officials?
LegislationWhich committees and chambers were involved?
Executive actionDoes the president sign, and which agencies implement?
CourtsHas any part been challenged?
StatesHow do states respond or administer?

A Worked Example: A Short Case Paper

Take a prompt asking how checks and balances shape a recent policy dispute. Choose a case with clear actors, such as a bill that passed Congress, faced a veto and then court challenges.

Structure the paper around the checks. First describe the policy and why it was contested. Then identify each check used: legislative passage, executive veto or signature, agency implementation and judicial review. Finally evaluate whether the checks improved or delayed the outcome.

Name specific actors and dates from reliable sources. A paper that says "Congress" in general terms is weaker than one that identifies the committee, vote and branch response.

Before You Submit

Before you submit, check every institutional claim for accuracy: who has the power, which level of government is involved and what the constitutional or statutory basis is. Small errors, such as mixing up which chamber holds a power, are easy to avoid with a final check.

Where your paper uses current events, date them. American politics moves quickly, and a fact that was true last year may no longer apply, so cite an official or reputable source for each current claim.

Where Students Get Stuck

Study Tips for GVPT 170

How We Help with GVPT 170

Send the assignment prompt, readings and rubric. A writer with a political science background can explain the institutions, prepare a custom worked answer, or review your own draft.

GradeEssays is independent of UMGC. Our work is a study and reference aid: use it to understand the system, then submit only your own work under UMGC's academic integrity policy. Orders are written from scratch, include free revisions within the scope of your original request, and are refunded in full if late.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Does GVPT 170 have a prerequisite?

The catalog lists none.

What does vertical and horizontal structure mean?

Vertical refers to levels (national, state, local). Horizontal refers to the branches at one level.

Does the course cover elections?

Yes, the catalog includes the electoral system, parties and interest groups.

Is the perspective only American?

The catalog says institutions and policies are examined from a cross-cultural perspective.

Which course looks at the presidency in more depth?

GVPT 475 is a separate course on the presidency and the executive branch.

Can you write my paper for submission?

No. We offer tutoring, custom answers and feedback, and you should submit only your own work.