The Universe contains two types of electromagnetic radiation:(a) the ‘micro-wave

The Universe contains two types of electromagnetic radiation:

(a) the micro-wave background at T = 3 K, corresponding to photon energies E _{Î³, 3K} 1 meV,

(b) The Extra galactic Background Light (EBL) due to the stars, with a spectrum that is mainly in the infrared. The Universe is opaque to photons whose energy is such that the cross-section for pair production Î³ + Î³ e⁺ + e^– is large. This already happens just above threshold

.

Compute the two threshold energies, assuming in the second case the photon wavelength Î» = 1 Î¼m.

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