Ships measure the distance to the ocean bottom with sonar. A pulse of sound waves is aimed at the ocean bottom, then sensitive microphones listen for the echo. Figure P20.45 shows the delay time as a function of the ship’s position as it crosses 60 km of ocean. Draw a graph of the ocean bottom. Let the ocean surface define y = 0 and ocean bottom have negative values of y. This way your graph will be a picture of the ocean bottom. The speed of sound in ocean water varies slightly with temperature, but you can use 1500 m/s as an average value.
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