a. The first ionisation energies of four consecutive elements in the Periodic Table are: sodium = 494 kJ mol–1
magnesium = 736 kJ mol–1
aluminium = 577 kJ mol–1
silicon = 786 kJ mol–1
i. Explain the general increase in ionisation energies from sodium to silicon.
ii. Explain why aluminium has a lower first ionisation energy than magnesium.
b. The first ionisation energy of fluorine is 1680 kJ mol–1 whereas the first ionisation energy of iodine is 1010 kJ mol–1. Explain why fluorine has a higher first ionisation energy than iodine despite it having a smaller nuclear charge.
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